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Download ISO images of Debian CD/DVD at light speed with Jigdo

March 22, 2011 by Raphaël Hertzog

Debian CD/DVD ISO images are huge files (4.7 GB for a DVD). It can take a long time to download if your connection with the server is not very fast. Jigdo can help you download them much more quickly if you have a high-speed connection to a normal Debian mirror.

If your download rate from your usual Debian mirror is not better than the download rate from the closest Debian CD mirror, then you should download your images straight from the Debian CD mirror. Otherwise read on and learn how you can save lots of time.

Jigdo is based on a simple idea: the CD images contain mainly thousands of .deb files (and source files too) that are already available on all Debian mirrors. So instead of downloading the ISO image in its entirety, you could reconstruct it with all the files that it contains, that you would download from your usual Debian mirror.

Thus when you download a .jigdo file, you only download a little text file (compressed with gzip) that contains enough information to reconstruct the complete image:

  • it contains a list of the individual files that are needed to rebuild the image;
  • it indicates a mirror where those files can be downloaded (it’s mainly a fallback URL in case our preferred mirror doesn’t have them anymore);
  • it contains an URL to a .template file which describes the layout of all files within the ISO image. It also contains the data which can’t be downloaded from the mirror.

The tool that we will use to regenerate the ISO images is called jigdo-lite, it’s available on Windows if you don’t have any Debian system yet. Otherwise just install the jigdo-file Debian package.

We just need the URL of a .jigdo file (get one from the Debian CD page) and we pass it to jidgo-lite on the command line. It asks for a path of “Files to scan”: if we have an older version of the same CD image, we can indicate a path where it is mounted and it will avoid redownloading the files that we already have, otherwise just press Enter. Then it asks for the Debian mirror to use and by default suggests the one used in /etc/apt/sources.list. Again pressing Enter is usually enough. You can even use --noask to avoid the prompts.

$ jigdo-lite http://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/release/6.0.1/multi-arch/jigdo-dvd/debian-6.0.1-i386-amd64-source-DVD-1.jigdo

Jigsaw Download "lite"
Copyright (C) 2001-2005  |  jigdo@
Richard Atterer          |  atterer.net
Getting mirror information from /etc/apt/sources.list

Downloading .jigdo file
--2011-03-22 09:08:11--  http://[2001:6b0:e:2018::163]/cdimage/release/6.0.1/multi-arch/jigdo-dvd/debian-6.0.1-i386-amd64-source-DVD-1.jigdo
[...]

-----------------------------------------------------------------
Images offered by `http://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/release/6.0.1/multi-arch/jigdo-dvd/debian-6.0.1-i386-amd64-source-DVD-1.jigdo':
  1: 'Debian GNU/Linux 6.0.1 "Squeeze" - Official Multi-architecture i386/amd64/source DVD #1 20110319-14:55 (20110319)' (debian-6.0.1-i386-amd64-source-DVD-1.iso)

Further information about `debian-6.0.1-i386-amd64-source-DVD-1.iso':
Generated on Sat, 19 Mar 2011 15:11:27 +0000

-----------------------------------------------------------------
If you already have a previous version of the CD you are
downloading, jigdo can re-use files on the old CD that are also
present in the new image, and you do not need to download them
again. Mount the old CD ROM and enter the path it is mounted under
(e.g. `/mnt/cdrom').
Alternatively, just press enter if you want to start downloading
the remaining files.
Files to scan: 

-----------------------------------------------------------------
The jigdo file refers to files stored on Debian mirrors. Please
choose a Debian mirror as follows: Either enter a complete URL
pointing to a mirror (in the form
`ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian/'), or enter any regular expression
for searching through the list of mirrors: Try a two-letter
country code such as `de', or a country name like `United
States', or a server name like `sunsite'.
Debian mirror [http://ftp.fr.debian.org/debian]: 

Downloading .template file
--2011-03-22 09:12:41--  http://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/release/6.0.1/multi-arch/jigdo-dvd/debian-6.0.1-i386-amd64-source-DVD-1.template
[...]
Successfully created `debian-6.0.1-i386-amd64-source-DVD-1.iso'

-----------------------------------------------------------------
Finished!
The fact that you got this far is a strong indication that `debian-6.0.1-i386-amd64-source-DVD-1.iso'
was generated correctly. I will perform an additional, final check,
which you can interrupt safely with Ctrl-C if you do not want to wait.

OK: Checksums match, image is good!

And you’re done, you have successfully downloaded an official Debian DVD with jigdo-lite. You can head over to the Debian CD page and find out the URL of the .jigdo files for the latest stable release.

One last thing, Bluray images are only available with Jigdo because they are so huge that keeping complete ISO images would be a waste of disk resources of the CD images server (and its mirrors).

Of course, if downloading ISO images and burning CD/DVD is not for you, you can always order some professionally printed CD/DVD. You will even help Debian by doing this.

If you want to read more articles like this one, click here to subscribe to my free newsletter. You can also follow me on Identi.ca, Twitter and Facebook.

Official Debian Multi-Arch DVD now available

March 4, 2011 by Raphaël Hertzog

My Debian DVD shop is now open for 2 weeks and I got a few requests to offer an official Debian image.

Some people like to have a DVD with the official theme and without the firmware. For them I have added the “Official Multi-Arch DVD” (i386/amd64/source) to my shop. You can get it here.

February 2011 wrap up

February 26, 2011 by Raphaël Hertzog

February has been again a busy month for me. Here’s a quick summary of what I did:

Multi-Arch work

I have spent many days implementing and refining dpkg’s Multi-Arch support with Guillem Jover (dpkg co-maintainer) and Steve Langasek (beta-tester of my code ;-)). Early testers can try what’s in my latest pu/multiarch/snapshot/* branch in my personal git repository.

A Debian DVD shop

I’m always exploring new options to fund my Debian work (besides direct donations) and this month—with the Debian Squeeze release—I saw an opportunity in selling Debian DVD. Nobody provides DVD with included firmwares and quite a few people would like to avoid the SpaceFun theme. So I built unofficial Debian DVDs that integrate firmware and that install a system with the old theme (MoreBlue Orbit). Click here to learn more about my unofficial DVDs.

On my blog

In my “People behind Debian” series, I interviewed Mike Hommey (Iceweasel maintainer) and Maximiliam Attems (member of the kernel team).

I started a “Debian Cleanup Tip” series and already published 4 installments:

  • Debian Cleanup Tip #1: Get rid of useless configuration files
  • Debian Cleanup Tip #2: Get rid of obsolete packages
  • Debian Cleanup Tip #3: Get rid of third-party packages
  • Debian Cleanup Tip #4: Find broken packages and reinstall them

For contributors, I wrote two articles: the first gives a set of (suggested) best practices for sponsoring Debian packages and adapted my article as a patch for the Developers Reference. In the second article, I shared some personal advice for people who are considering participating on Debian mailing list: 7 mistakes to avoid when participating to Debian mailing lists.

Click here to subscribe to my free newsletter and get my monthly analysis on what’s going on in Debian and Ubuntu. Or just follow along via the RSS feed, Identi.ca, Twitter or Facebook.

Discover my Debian DVD shop

February 21, 2011 by Raphaël Hertzog

After a private launch (with discounted prices) for my newsletter subscribers, it’s now time to open my Debian DVD shop to the public.

I did not want to become yet another DVD reseller, so my DVDs are different and better. Here’s why you want to get one (or more):

  1. it’s easier to install Debian with my DVDs since they provide all the (non-free) firmwares that have been stripped and that you’re supposed to provide on a USB key;
  2. the installed system features the former theme (MoreBlue Orbit) and not SpaceFun (although you can reactivate SpaceFun easily if you prefer it);
  3. 100% of the benefits are reinvested into Debian (90% to fund my Debian work, 10% given back to Debian to fund work meetings)
  4. they are provided in a beautiful DVD case and despite this they are not expensive (between $3.49 and $5.49)

Click here to learn more about my DVD offer.

PS: Click here and join my newsletter to not miss other opportunities.

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